diff --git a/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md b/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md index 3a6a468..4dc5eee 100644 --- a/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md +++ b/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ March 1983 An optical printer is a device for photographing the frames of one film so as to make another film. -**![Graphic depicting labelled components camera, bellows, lens, gate and lamp](#)** +**![Graphic depicting labelled components camera, bellows, lens, gate and lamp](img/image_1.jpg)** It consists essentially of a camera (C) connected by a bellows (B) to a lens (L) aimed at a film in a gate (G) illuminated from behind by a lamp (I). @@ -87,20 +87,20 @@ This adjusted the magnification and the focus of the photography. If the lens is (nominally) midway between the films when one is focused on the other, then the magnification is 1. At `M = 1` (also called 1:1) the whole of the original frame is photographed at a size which fills the whole of the print frame. -**!["M = 1" Graphic depicting two frames with a lens at their midpoint with a lightbulb illuminating from the right](#)** +**!["M = 1" Graphic depicting two frames with a lens at their midpoint with a lightbulb illuminating from the right](img/image_2.jpg)** If the lens is moved closer to the gate, then the camera must be moved back, farther from the gate, to keep the one film focused on the other. Then the magnification is greater than 1. At `M > 1` a part of the original frame is photographed at a size which fills the whole of the print frame. -**!["M = 3" Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the right projection source image with the lamp demonstrating an enlargement](#)** +**!["M = 3" Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the right projection source image with the lamp demonstrating an enlargement](img/image_3.jpg)** If, starting from the 1:1 setup, the lens is moved farther from the gate, then the camera must also be moved back, farther from the gate, to keep the one film focused on the other. Then the magnification is loser than 1. At `M < 1` the whole of the original frame is photographed at a size which does not fill the whole of the print frame. The remainder of the print frame is filled with a photograph of the gate as it surrounds the original frame (ideally perfectly black). -**!["M = 1/3" Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the left camera image demonstrating a reduction](#)** +**!["M = 1/3" Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the left camera image demonstrating a reduction](img/image_4.jpg)** For each position of the lens there is exactly one correct (focused) position for the camera. But for each position of the camera (except the 1:1 position) there are two correct positions for the lens. One gives `M > 1`, the other `M < 1`. diff --git a/html/index.html b/html/index.html index be7aad7..d92a22e 100644 --- a/html/index.html +++ b/html/index.html @@ -242,7 +242,7 @@

An optical printer is a device for photographing the frames of one film so as to make another film.

-

Graphic depicting labelled components camera, bellows, lens, gate and lamp

+

Graphic depicting labelled components camera, bellows, lens, gate and lamp

It consists essentially of a camera (C) connected by a bellows (B) to a lens (L) aimed at a film in a gate (G) illuminated from behind by a lamp (I).

The camera and gate each have motorized intermittent film movements so that any frame of the “original” film can be conveniently photographed onto any frame of the “print” film.

The camera can be an ordinary cine camera, less its lens, and the gate can be an ordinary cine projector, less its lens. Ideally they have identical systems of film registration, as if one were the lens’ image of the other. The lens can be any bellows mountable lens. Ideally it is specially corrected for the small and nearly equal sizes of this object and image.

@@ -250,11 +250,11 @@

MAGNIFICATION

If the lens is (nominally) midway between the films when one is focused on the other, then the magnification is 1. At M = 1 (also called 1:1) the whole of the original frame is photographed at a size which fills the whole of the print frame.

-

“M = 1” Graphic depicting two frames with a lens at their midpoint with a lightbulb illuminating from the right

+

“M = 1” Graphic depicting two frames with a lens at their midpoint with a lightbulb illuminating from the right

If the lens is moved closer to the gate, then the camera must be moved back, farther from the gate, to keep the one film focused on the other. Then the magnification is greater than 1. At M > 1 a part of the original frame is photographed at a size which fills the whole of the print frame.

-

“M = 3” Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the right projection source image with the lamp demonstrating an enlargement

+

“M = 3” Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the right projection source image with the lamp demonstrating an enlargement

If, starting from the 1:1 setup, the lens is moved farther from the gate, then the camera must also be moved back, farther from the gate, to keep the one film focused on the other. Then the magnification is loser than 1. At M < 1 the whole of the original frame is photographed at a size which does not fill the whole of the print frame. The remainder of the print frame is filled with a photograph of the gate as it surrounds the original frame (ideally perfectly black).

-

“M = 1/3” Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the left camera image demonstrating a reduction

+

“M = 1/3” Graphic depicting two frames with a lens closer to the left camera image demonstrating a reduction

For each position of the lens there is exactly one correct (focused) position for the camera. But for each position of the camera (except the 1:1 position) there are two correct positions for the lens. One gives M > 1, the other M < 1.

BLOWUP & REDUCTION

diff --git a/img/image_1.jpg b/img/image_1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ff675dd Binary files /dev/null and b/img/image_1.jpg differ diff --git a/img/image_1.svg b/img/image_1.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a6ee542 --- /dev/null +++ b/img/image_1.svg @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + + diff --git a/img/image_2.jpg b/img/image_2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..205068d Binary files /dev/null and b/img/image_2.jpg differ diff --git a/img/image_2.svg b/img/image_2.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d37e601 --- /dev/null +++ b/img/image_2.svg @@ -0,0 +1,494 @@ + + + + diff --git a/img/image_3.jpg b/img/image_3.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9f1c8da Binary files /dev/null and b/img/image_3.jpg differ diff --git a/img/image_3.svg b/img/image_3.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2c3ebbd --- /dev/null +++ b/img/image_3.svg @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + + diff --git a/img/image_4.jpg b/img/image_4.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5997052 Binary files /dev/null and b/img/image_4.jpg differ diff --git a/img/image_4.svg b/img/image_4.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e54a75 --- /dev/null +++ b/img/image_4.svg @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + + diff --git a/pdf/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.pdf b/pdf/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.pdf index a4ec851..f37dfaf 100644 Binary files a/pdf/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.pdf and b/pdf/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.pdf differ