diff --git a/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md b/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md index 2cabf9c..0c816c2 100644 --- a/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md +++ b/NOTES_ON_OPTICAL_PRINTER_TECHNIQUE.md @@ -232,3 +232,43 @@ It helps, after they are set, to gently tap the lens, so it finds a stable posit The lateral movements of the lens, the to-fro movements of the lens and camera, and a tilting of the camera (if necessary) allow the optical printer to be set for exact 1:1 reproduction. Then the printed image is the same size and in the same position as the original image. If the printer lacks a tilt adjustment the camera may be shimmed. + +## AIMFRAME + +A special frame is made to guide the exact 1:1 setup. +To make an "aimframe" use the optical printer camera (though not necessarily with the optical printer lens) to photograph a target which is especially drawn to contain details exactly coinciding, as seen through the camera eyepiece, with details permanently on the groundglass. +The photograph made while the coincidence is seen is the aimframe. + +Every groundglass has some permanent details, even if only its flaws. +The field edge is a poor choice of detail if the mask is thick or if the eyepiece is aberrated at the edge. +Two points of detail are enough for a well~aligned printer, three points for a suspect one. + +A reticle made on high resolution film may be attached to the groundglass to add details. +Small patterns of concentric circles and other patterns which self-moiré are ideal. +Also the aimframe can be a negative of the fine-patterned reticle. + +For exact 1:1 setup, the aimframe film is registered in the printer gate and the printer camera and lens adjusted to achieve that same coincidence of details, as seen through the eyepiece. +Focusing must be completed before the final adjustment to the aimframe. +It is convenient to incorporate a focusing target in the aimframe. + +The aimframe has validity only for the camera in which it was made. +It does not depend on the accuracy of the cameras reflex viewing system, only the stability of the system. +Whenever there is doubt about the validity of the aimframe, such as after a camera repair or because of wear to the film, +The old aimframe can be registered in the printer gate, aimed +on, and photographed to make a newly valid aimframe. + +For rotoscoping with primitive contraptions, an aimframe may +be projected and drawn. +This drawing is later used to aim the camera (whose aimframe it was) when photographing the rotoscoped drawings. + +The 1:1 accuracy of optical printing with aimframe setups is limited by + +1. the precision in the making and then in the use of the aimframe, +2. the precision in the film registration mechanisms of camera and gate, +3. only if the two mechanisms are different, the precision in the film dimensions (perforation and slitting). + +Step contact printing, such as by bipacking in the optical printer camera, is a convenient method for making exact 1:1 reproductions. +It must give exposures which are exact 1:1, but there is then some +shrinkage in processing. +Optical printing with the aimframe method compensates for processing shrinkage. +Shrinkage errors are too small to matter with simple printers. \ No newline at end of file